Birmingham is the United Kingdom's second-largest city and serves as the economic and cultural capital of the West Midlands. With a population of over one million in the city proper and approximately 2.9 million in the wider metropolitan area, Birmingham is one of Europe's youngest and most diverse cities. It is home to major institutions including the University of Birmingham, Aston University, the Birmingham Symphony Hall and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, and hosted the 2022 Commonwealth Games, showcasing its growing international profile.